After World War I, the Veterans hospital in Muskogee, OK emerged as a beacon of hope.
Native Americans have served the United States with honor, loyalty, and bravery since the Revolutionary War (1775-1782). Despite facing discrimination, many Native American Veterans volunteered for service throughout the centuries, making significant contributions on the battlefield. Some saw it as fighting not only to protect the United States, but also their ancestral land. For their sacrifice, the VA hospital in Muskogee has led the charge in providing exceptional care for Native American Veterans for 100 years.

Muskogee Campus c. 1924
Upon returning home, these Veterans encountered various difficulties due to their non-citizen status, including denial of Veterans benefits, limited access to healthcare, and inadequate support systems outside of their Tribal communities. Addressing these challenges, the Veterans hospital in Muskogee emerged as a beacon of hope. The hospital, now known as Jack C. Montgomery VA Medical Center (VAMC) played a pivotal role in providing essential healthcare and support for Native American veterans after World War 1 (1914-1918), offering a space where they could heal, both physically and emotionally.
The population of Native American WW1 Veterans at the small hospital reported exemplary treatment that aligned with their customs and traditions. At the Muskogee campus, these Veterans found solace, treatment, and camaraderie, a rarity for Native Americans in Veteran hospitals of the day. When other facilities saw high rates of runaway patients, the hospital on the hill at Muskogee bucked the trend. One reported anecdote was of a soldier, Black Fox, who was so displeased with the Veterans hospital where he was being treated in Texas that he ran away and made a month’s long journey on foot to the Muskogee hospital. Some attribute the Veteran’s contentment here with how hospital leadership took steps to understand their customs while others believe it was the land itself that resonated with these soldiers.

“The Spirit of the American Doughboy” statue and WW1 Veteran Joseph Oklahombi. The statue is dedicated to the Five Civilized Tribes, all Native American WW1 Veterans, and Oklahombi, Choctaw Code Talker during WW1 and recipient of France’s Croix de Guerre (one of four Native American Veterans with that distinction) and Silver Star with Victory Ribbon. He is the most decorated Oklahoma WW1 Veteran.
Native Americans were not extended citizenship rights until 1924 but Muskogee’s commitment to its Native American Veterans is in its DNA. The land, purchased from the Muscogee Creek Nation in 1909, was selected by the state as the site for the Veterans hospital. Our relationship with the Five Civilized Tribes Museum (old Indian Agency Building) next door has lasted decades. “The Spirit of the American Doughboy” statue dedicated to the Five Civilized Tribes and Oklahoma’s most decorated WW1 Veteran Code Talker, Joseph Oklahombi (Choctaw), has stood guard since 1925. And, we are proud to be the first VA hospital in the Nation named after a Native American, Jack C. Montgomery, member of the Cherokee Nation.
Read the entire article on the VA Eastern Colorado health care website.
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